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Publications

peer-reviewed articles

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2023

Brigitte Schoenemann & Euan N.K. Clarkson
The median eyes of trilobites
Scientific Reports 13, 3917 (2023)
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31089-7
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-31089-7

 

2021

B. Schoenemann, E.N.K. Clarkson, C. Bartels, W. Südkamp, U. Ryck
A 390 million-year-old hyper-compound eye in Devonian phacopid trilobites
Scientific Reports 11, 19505 (2021)
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-98740-z
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-98740-z

Brigitte Schoenemann & Euan N.K. Clarkson
Points of view in understanding trilobite eyes
nature communications 12, 2081 (2021)
doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22227-8
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-22227-8

Brigitte Schoenemann
An overview on trilobite eyes and their functioning
Arthropod Structure & Development
doi: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101032
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1467803921000062

 

2020

Brigitte Schoenemann & Euan N.K. Clarkson
Insights into a 429-million-year-old compound eye
Scientific Reports
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69219-0
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-69219-0

 

2019

Brigitte Schoenemann, Markus Poschmann & Euan N.K. Clarkson
Insights into the 400 million-year-old eyes of giant sea scorpions (Eurypterida) suggest the structure of Palaeozoic compound eyes.
Scientific Reports
doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53590-8
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53590-8

Oskar Fischer & Brigitte Schoenemann
Why are Bones in Vertebrate Eyes? Morphology, Development and Function of Scleral Ossicles in Vertebrate eyes - a Comparative Study
Journal of Anatomy and Physiological Studies
http://sciaeon.org/articles/Why-are-Bones-in-Vertebrate-Eyes-Morphology-Development-and-Function-of-Scleral-Ossicles-in-Vertebrate-eyes-a-Comparative-Study.pdf

 

2018

Brigitte Schoenemann
Evolution of Eye Reduction and Loss in Trilobites and Some Related Fossil Arthropods
Emerging Science Journal
doi: 10.28991/esj-2018-01151
www.ijournalse.org/index.php/ESJ/article/view/114
www.ijournalse.org/index.php/ESJ/article/download/114/57

 

2017

Brigitte Schoenemann, Helje Pärnaste & Euan N. K. Clarkson
Structure and function of a compound eye, more than half a billion years old
PNAS
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1716824114
www.pnas.org/content/early/2017/11/28/1716824114.full

Brigitte Schoenemann, Euan N. K. Clarkson & Magne Høyberget
Traces of an ancient immune system – how an injured arthropod survived 465 million years ago.
Scientific Reports
7:40330 | DOI:10.1038/srep40330
www.nature.com/articles/srep40330

Sidong Wu, Tao Jiang, Gexiang Zhang, Brigitte Schoenemann, Ferrante Neri, Ming Zhu, Chunguang Bu, Jianda Han & Klaus-Dieter Kuhnert
Artificial compound eye: a survey of the state-of-the-art
Artificial Intelligence Review
DOI: 10.1007/s10462-016-9513-7
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10462-016-9513-7

Vizcaíno S. F., Clarkson E.N.K. & Schoenemann B. (Editors)
Form, Function and Palaeobiology.
Special Issue Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 106 (4) (2017)
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/1BECB5603283FCEC86A6767CA4B705FF/S1755691016000244a.pdf/form_function_and_palaeobiology_preface.pdf

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
Vision in fossilised eyes.
Special Issue Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 106 (4), 209-220 (2017)
www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/64E008DCF10488F6C77B07E29BD22293/S1755691016000232a.pdf/vision_in_fossilised_eyes.pdf

 

2016

Vannier J.*, Schoenemann B.* , Gillot T., Charbonnier S. & Clarkson E.N.K.
* contributed equally
Exceptional preservation of eye structure in arthropod visual predators from the Middle Jurassic.
Nature Communications
7:10320 | doi:10.1038/ncomms10320
www.nature.com/ncomms/2016/160119/ncomms10320/full/ncomms10320.html

Schoenemann B (2016)
A Miniscule System of a ‘Sailing Rock’.
J Geol Geophys 5:256 doi: 10.4172/2381-8719.1000256
www.omicsgroup.org/journals/a-miniscule-system-of-a-sailing-rock-2381-8719-1000256.pdf

Poschmann M., Schoenemann B. & McCoy V.
Telltale eyes: The lateral visual systems of Rhenish Lower Devonian eurypterids (Arthropoda, Chelicerata) and their palaeobiological Implications.
Palaeontology, London 59(2), 295–304 (2016)
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1111/pala.12228

Rust J., Bergmann A., Bartels C., Schoenemann B., Sedlmeier S., & Kühl G.
The Hunsrück biota: A unique window into the ecology of Lower Devonian arthropods.
Arthropod Structure and Development
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2016.01.004

 

2015

Schoenemann B., Clarkson E.N.K., Horváth G.
Why did the UV-A-induced photoluminescent blue-green glow in trilobite eyes and exoskeletons not cause problems for trilobites?
PeerJ
DOI 107717/peerj.1492
https://peerj.com/articles/1492/

Invited Book Review
Schoenemann B.
Visual Ecology by Cronin, T.W., Johnsen, S., Marshall, N.J., Warrant, E.J., published by Princeton University Press
Visual Ecology. Anat Physiol 5:180. doi: 10.4172/2161-0940.1000180 www.omicsonline.org/open-access/visual-ecology-2161-0940-1000180.pdf

Tanaka G., Schoenemann B., El Hariri K., Ono T., Clarkson E., Maeda H.
Vision in a Middle Ordovician trilobite eye.
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
433, 129–139 (2015)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.05.013

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
Eyes and vision in the coeval Furongian trilobites Sphaerophthalmus alatus (Boeck, 1938) and Ctenopyge (Mesoctenopyge) tumida Westergård, 1922, from Bornholm, Denmark.
Palaeontology
58(1), 133–140 (2015)
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pala.12128/epdf

 

2014

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
Space, Time and their Relevance to Phylogenetic Analyses (Convergences in Time).
Journal of Geology & Geophysics
DOI: 10.4172/2329-6755.1000178
http://omicsgroup.org/journals/space-time-and-their-relevance-to-phylogenetic-analyses-convergences-in-time-2329-6755-1000178.pdf

Stewart S.E., Clarkson E.N.K., Ahlgren J., Ahlberg P. & Schoenemann B.
Sphenothallus from the Furongian (Cambrian) of Scandinavia.
GFF (Journal of the Geological Society of Sweden)
DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2014.929173
www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/11035897.2014.929173

Schoenemann B., Clarkson E.N.K. & Ryck U.
Colour Patterns in Devonian Trilobites.
The Open Palaeontology Journal 8, 113-117 (2014)
http://benthamopen.com/contents/pdf/TOGEOJ/TOGEOJ-8-113.pdf

Schoenemann B., Clarkson E.N.K., Castellani C., Waloszek D., Maas A. & Meyer-Rochow B.V.
Description and Interpretation of the Internal Structure of a Cambrian Crustacean Compound Eye.
Geological Bulletin, Prague 89(2), 311–324 (2014)
www.geology.cz/bulletin/contents/art1429

 

2013

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
Discovery of some 400 million year-old sensory structures in the compound eyes of trilobites.
Scientific Reports
3:1429 | DOI:10.1038/srep01429
www.nature.com/srep/2013/140313/srep01429/full/srep01429.html

related:
ScienceNOW: Looking a Trilobite in the Eye
(Lizzie Wade)
http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2013/03/looking-a-trilobite-in-the-eye.html?ref=hp

Schoenemann B.
The eyes of a tiny ‘Orsten’ crustacean – A compound eye at receptor level?
Vision Research Exeter 76, 89-93 (2013)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042698912003392

Parker A., Schoenemann B., Haug J.T. & Waloszek D.
An unusual cornea from a well-preserved (‘Orsten’) Cambrian compound eye.
Palaeontological Research
, Tokyo 17, 251-260 (2013)
http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.2517/1342-8144-17.3.251

 

2012

Schoenemann B.
The clever strategy of a tiny crustacean eye early in the evolution of vision.
Communicative & Integrative Biology, Austin, Texas 5(2), 175–178 (2012).
DOI: 10.4161/cib.18760
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3376057/

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
At First Sight – Functional Analysis of Lower Cambrian eye systems.
Palaeontographica A, Bonn, Stuttgart 297, 123-149 (2012).
https://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/pala/detail/297/79217/Functional_Analysis_of_Lower_Cambrian_Eye_System

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
Compound Eyes in the Chengjiang Biota.
Earth and Environmental Sciences of Acta Universitatis Latviensis
, Riga 783, 57-71 (2012).

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
Insights to Phacopid Eyes.
Earth and Environmental Sciences of Acta Universitatis Latviensis, Riga 783, 72-75 (2012).

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
The eyes of Leanchoilia.
Lethaia, Copenhagen 45, 524–531 (2012).
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2012.00313.x/

Schoenemann, B., Castellani, C., Clarkson, E. N. K., Haug, J. T., Maas, A., Haug, C. & Waloszek, D.
The sophisticated visual system of a tiny Cambrian crustacean: analysis of a stalked fossil compound eye.
Proceedings of the Royal Society London B 279, 1335–1340 (2012).
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.1888
http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/early/2011/10/21/rspb.2011.1888.full.pdf+html

related:
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC:Fossil eyes show wraparound three-dimensional vision, half a billion years ago.
(Ed Yong)
http://phenomena.nationalgeographic.com/2011/11/01/fossil-eyes-show-wraparound-three-dimensional-vision-half-a-billion-years-ago/

Castellani, C., Haug, J. T., Haug, C., Maas, A., Schoenemann, B. & Waloszek, D.
Exceptionally well-preserved isolated eyes from Cambrian ‘Orsten’ fossil assemblages of Sweden.
Palaeontology, London 55, 553–566 (2012).
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01153.x/abstract

 

2011

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
Eyes and vision in the Chengjiang arthropod Isoxys indicating adaptation to habitat.
Lethaia, Copenhagen 44(2), 223-230 (2011).
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2010.00239.x/

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
A light guide lens in ancient trilobites?
Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh,  Edinburgh 102, 17-23 (2011).
http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8346763&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S1755691011010097

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
The eyes of Bohemian Trilobites.
Geological Research, Prague 1, 45-50 (2011).

 

2010

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
The Sophisticated Strategy of a Tiny Eye.
Zitteliana B
, München 29, 92 (2010).
http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/12021/1/zitteliana_2010_b29.pdf
(page 93)

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
Neue Einblicke in das visuelle System alter Augen – Die Augen von (2010). Phacopiden (Trilobita).
Zitteliana B
, München 29, 92-93

Schoenemann B., Clarkson E.N.K.,  Ahlberg P. & Dies Alvarez M. E.
A Tiny Eye Indicating a Planctonic Trilobite.
Palaeontology, London 53, 695-701 (2010).
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00966.x/

related:
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC: Tiny Trilobites Drifted in Cambrian Currents.
(Brian Switek)
http://phenomena.nationalgeographic.com/2010/06/21/tiny-trilobites-drifted-in-cambrian-currents

 

2009

Schoenemann B., Liu J.-n., Shu D.-g., Han J.-a. & Zhang Z.-f.
A Miniscule Optimised Visual System in the Lower Cambrian.
Lethaia, Copenhagen 42, 265–273 (2009).
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2008.00138.x/

 

2008

Schoenemann B.
Analyse früher Augensysteme.
Freiberger Forschungsberichte, Freiberg 15, 85-96 (2008).

Schoenemann B. & Clarkson E.N.K.
Did the trabecula in phacopid lenses act as light-guides?
In: Advances in Trilobite Research (Edts. Rabano I., Gozalo R. & Garcia-Belido D.) 351-355,
Planeta Tierra, Cuadernos Del Museo Geominero No 9, Madrid (2008)

Schoenemann B., Clarkson E.N.K. & Franz A.
Sublensar Capsules in Trilobite Eyes.
In: Advances in Trilobite Research (Edts. Rabano I., Gozalo R. & Garcia-Belido D.) 356-361,
Planeta Tierra, Cuadernos Del Museo Geominero No 9, Madrid (2008)

Schoenemann B., Clarkson E.N.K., Ahlberg P. & Dies Alvarez M. E.
A Furongian Polymerid Planktonic Trilobite.
In: Advances in Trilobite Research (Edts. Rabano I., Gozalo R. & Garcia-Beliodo D.) 361-365,
Planeta Tierra, Cuadernos Del Museo Geominero No 9, Madrid (2008)

 

2007

Schoenemann B.
Trilobite Eyes and a New Type of Neuronal Superpositional Eye in an Ancient System.
Palaeontographica A, Bonn  281, 63-91 (2007).
https://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/pala/detail/281/74286/Trilobite_Eyes_and_a_New_Type_of_Neural_Superposition_Eye_in_an_Ancient_System

 

2006

Schoenemann B.
Cambrian View.
Palaeoworld, Nanjing, Amsterdam 15, 307-314 (2006).
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871174X06000448

 

2005

Schoenemann B.
The Cambrian Sight of View – Suggestions to Investigate Eyes of the Chengjiang Fauna by Comparison with Recent Visual Systems.
Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, Nanjing, China 22, 169-170 (2005).

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